Ali Masoumi, Xiao Xiao, I-Sheng Yang
We study domain-walls and bubble nucleations in a vector field theory. We describe analytical and numerical methods to calculate the orientation dependent domain-wall tension, $\sigma(\theta)$. We then use it to calculate the critical bubble shape. The longitudinally oriented domain-wall tends to be the heaviest, and sometime suffers an instability. It can spontaneously break into zigzag segments. In this case, the critical bubble develops kinks, and its energy, therefore the tunneling rate, scales with the sound speeds very differently than for a smooth bubble.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.7052
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